WinTab versus Windows Ink
Overview
On Windows, there are two ways a drawing tablet communicates with your computer and the tablet driver: WinTab and Windows Ink.
For normal users
By default, I recommend you use Windows Ink unless something forces you to use WinTab.
If you use WinTab I suggest you only use it for a specific application.
To learn how to configure Windows Ink. Windows Ink
For developers
Wacom published a page with frequently asked questions about WinTab:
https://developer-support.wacom.com/hc/en-us/articles/12844524637975-Wintab (archive)
Here's a small snippet of the relevant section of the doc

Please read the document for the full details.
My developer perspective
But here are a few things that stand out to me:
It is a well understood and stable API
There are wrappers or many languages (C#, Rust, Python) that let you talk to the APIs.
I had a relatively simple time incorporating it into my test drawing app called WinTabPainter.
You can find many projects that use WinTab
It has been difficult for me to find clear examples of how to use the Windows Ink API. Most of the code is heavily focused on the inking features - which is great but not on what I need which is a way to get the pen position, pressure, tilt data, etc.
So at the moment, I intend to continue to use WinTab until I find an easy way to consume the Windows Ink APIs.
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